(sorry not to respond to your email yet - I'll respond on here instead!)
scraping data from the internet isn't the easiest thing to do in Pd, in my experience, I think the solution @andresbrocco describes is probably best. It's (annoyingly) easier to do in Max/MSP, but hey.
In terms of sensor data from a micro controller - in my experience the most dependable way is to code a Teensy micro controller to function as a USB MIDI device. You connect any sensors you like to the Teensy, and convert the data into MIDI CC or note values, which can be read in PD using the [notein] or [ctlin] objects. This is a really solid and relatively straightforward method...I have some generic code for doing that on my website: https://www.yannseznec.com/works/teensy-usb-midi-controller-code/
For most things you can just use a Teensy LC, which is only like £12 or something.
The primary downside of that method is that the resolution is quite low, because MIDI is so old fashioned. So it means that whilst you can get 12 bit analog input resolution on the Teensy (values between 0-1023), you have to downsample that to go from 0-127 for it to work over MIDI. so that kind of sucks. However, if you really want high resolution you can be clever with numbers and split them up and send them over several CC controller numbers or something, which is sort of how NPRN works.
Hope that helps!